Research Paper
hashem agajari; seyed ali mezinani; mehran rezaei; mohamad shahidi
Abstract
Between 909 and 1135 AH / 1501 and 1725 CE, the Armenians of the Caucasus, as a small minority of the monarchy of Iran, have been engaged in politics and trade in an era that its major feature was the globalization of economy based on a set of absolutist governments. The fact that how policy making at ...
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Between 909 and 1135 AH / 1501 and 1725 CE, the Armenians of the Caucasus, as a small minority of the monarchy of Iran, have been engaged in politics and trade in an era that its major feature was the globalization of economy based on a set of absolutist governments. The fact that how policy making at such a level and such a range had been possible for such a limited population and what kind of political issues shaped their concerns is an essential question. An analysis of this problem through Anthony Giddens's construction theory and its complementary historical sociology makes it clear that the increasing movement of the Armenians social system towards authoritative sources and the new species of resource allocation with high-throughput capability in time-space, actualized such a possibility and, Armenians’ political issues were the result of these sources and were oriented towards the preservation of the sources and focused on their preservation.
Research Paper
sajjad Aydenloo
Abstract
Jam-e Jahannama [the Cups] of Jamshid and Keyxosro are of the most famous Cups in Iranian literary texts and narrations. Besides the description and explanation of literary, historical and fictional resources and ancient cultures, contemporary researchers from about a hundred and fifty years ago, have ...
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Jam-e Jahannama [the Cups] of Jamshid and Keyxosro are of the most famous Cups in Iranian literary texts and narrations. Besides the description and explanation of literary, historical and fictional resources and ancient cultures, contemporary researchers from about a hundred and fifty years ago, have investigated these two famous Cups and many points in this regard have been propounded, but with more searches in different sources, there are still new documents and evidences. In this article, after a brief review of the most important theories and researches related to the Cups of Jamshid and Keyxosro, some recent or less noticeable points or evidences from numerous literary, historical and fictional references have been examined in seven sections/topics about these two Cups: 1. The origin and pattern of the Jam-e Jahannama; 2. The Ancientness, originality and independence of both Cups of Jamshid and Keyxosro; 3. How to make the Jām-e Jam; 4. Gender of the Jam-e-Jahanbin; 5. The relationship between the Jam-e Gitinama and water; 6. The end of the Cup; and 7. Commentaries on the Cup.
Research Paper
Vajihe Alsadat Pournajafi; shahrooz shariati
Abstract
The relationship between the language and the thought in the understanding of universe has been always regarded as one of the long standing intellectual concerns in human sciences, and studying the relationship between these variables has turned into a scientific and academic activity. But according ...
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The relationship between the language and the thought in the understanding of universe has been always regarded as one of the long standing intellectual concerns in human sciences, and studying the relationship between these variables has turned into a scientific and academic activity. But according to some theories such as ‘linguistic turn’ and the related criticisms, nowadays, the language has lost its importance as a tool for thought transition and has been presented as a means for shaping and revelation of the outer world. The present article studies the relation between the human and the universe in Chinese language system and focuses on the importance of correlation between the language and the thought based on philosophical and ontological reflections in Chinese language and characters. In this article, Chinese written system, as the only universal written system which has been developed as an interconnected chain since 8000 BC and survived as a bearer for transferring Chinese culture and intellect, can now at least function in the form of Chinese civilization, as a black box in understanding and discovering human’s ontological foundations. Accordingly, in addition to studying the Chinese written system in ancient time, the present article, from a cultural point of view, tries to find that how the relationship between the human and the universe has been reflected in Chinese written system using the doctrines of some prominent contemporary language theories
Research Paper
Hamidreza Dalvand
Abstract
Zoroastrianism is one of the oldest religions in the world that its documents are scattered in most ancient languages and ancient civilizations. Now, we hear the echoes of its voice over the course of history so that it can be traced in all lands and cultures. From Far East to Middle East and Europe ...
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Zoroastrianism is one of the oldest religions in the world that its documents are scattered in most ancient languages and ancient civilizations. Now, we hear the echoes of its voice over the course of history so that it can be traced in all lands and cultures. From Far East to Middle East and Europe and America, Zoroastrian texts are kept in well known libraries, as human heritage. Meanwhile, India has a special situation. Aside from the links of the Vedic and Gathas age, India welcomed the Iranian Zoroastrian immigrants in the days after the Sassanid reign. Thus, a large part of the cultural documents of Iran were transferred to India during the last millennium. Investigating and introducing these documents has an important role in clarifying the dark angles of the history of Zoroastrianism. In this paper, the importance of one of these documents is expressed: The Adharu Kersasp's verse which well shows that how Parsi Calendar sects were formed at the end of the yazdgirdi 12th century
Research Paper
hasan zolfagari
Abstract
For a long time, kinds of showmanship have been held for entertainment in Iran each of which has its own procedure. In this article, while referring to the dramatic showmanship, their kinds and styles will be addressed from the perspective of orientalists andtravel writers. The benefit of this study ...
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For a long time, kinds of showmanship have been held for entertainment in Iran each of which has its own procedure. In this article, while referring to the dramatic showmanship, their kinds and styles will be addressed from the perspective of orientalists andtravel writers. The benefit of this study is to clarify the dimensions of the showmanship widely spread in parts of Iran. Sometimes travel writers have referred to some details in the performances which are very enlightening, details less indicated in Iranian sources and texts since Iranian writers have been familiar with the phenomenon, they have kept themselves from mentioning the details. In this article, with regard to the works of 25 Orientalists and travel writers, and also based on Persian works and texts, the dimensions of Iranian showmanship have been clarified. In this study, it turns out that some of the dramatic rituals in Iran have a long history, and others have been completely forgotten or altered. From these rituals there are terms and words have been remained in the language of the people, which are not clear for us due to the disappearance of their ritual. Not only such studies introduce us to popular culture and past life, they are some grounds for the study of dramatic literature.
Research Paper
farnoosh shamiliy; fatemeh ghafoorifar; amiir fariid
Abstract
Flag is a distinctive and distinguishing element among human civilizations and cultures, which can be considered as a symbol of the alliance of a civilization bearing a particular ideology during each era and being the source of the intellectual foundations of the earlier ages. The formation of the Safavid ...
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Flag is a distinctive and distinguishing element among human civilizations and cultures, which can be considered as a symbol of the alliance of a civilization bearing a particular ideology during each era and being the source of the intellectual foundations of the earlier ages. The formation of the Safavid era in the tenth century AD, brought about political, cultural, and religious solidarity for Iran, so that the consolidation of Shiite-Islamic thought is visible in the works of this period, especially in manuscripts. One of the most outstanding Iranian manuscripts is Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasb which was portrayed in that era. The written elements on the flags in the combat scenes of the book clearly explain the religious contents of the period, which benefited greatly from the art of calligraphy. Identifying the flags and the concepts used in their illustrations, the present research explains the visual and expressive aspects of the flags involving written texts in Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasb. Therefore, this study has three main questions: 1. what are the most important visual components of the flags in the Shahnameh? 2. The writing elements of the flags of Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasb involve what literature, content, and content? 3. What are the intellectual foundations of the illustrated flags of Shahnameh? This research has been done through a survey-analytical method. The type of technique used is a documentary and library technique through which the statistical samples of manuscripts have been studied. Research is based on first hand resources and authentic researches. The results of the research indicate that the flags have been written by characters such as Naskh, Thallith, Nastaliq and colored by colors such as Azure, Gold, Sangrf, and decorated by Khatay and Slymi figures. The writing elements of the flags are in line with the beliefs, cognitions and intellectual foundations of the Safavid era as well as the Iranian originality and reflect the artist's dedication to the religion of Islam and the preservation of Iranian culture
Research Paper
Mohammad Ali Safoora; Basir Salim Alaqeband; Amir Hassan Nedai
Abstract
Samurai genre, as one of most important parts of Japanese cinema history, had a significant role, in its seven decades of life, in emerging artistic threads in Japanese cinema, binging about a relative economical constancy for this cinema, and attracting attentions around the world to this cinema. Since ...
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Samurai genre, as one of most important parts of Japanese cinema history, had a significant role, in its seven decades of life, in emerging artistic threads in Japanese cinema, binging about a relative economical constancy for this cinema, and attracting attentions around the world to this cinema. Since genre studies in cinema mostly have been concentrated on Hollywood, especially on its studio system period, other cinemas, including valuable genres like Samurai genre in Japan on which great filmmakers from Mizoguchi and Kurosawa to Kobayashi and Oshima made films usually were neglected. This article applies Semantic/Syntactic approach of Rick Altman in genre theory, which regarded by genre theory experts most authentic theory for explaining cinema genres, into Samurai genre. So we will analyze this genre through the approach in two semantic and the syntactic sections by a descriptive/analytic method, and finally will provide a general vision of the class of this genre.
Research Paper
Payam Zinalabedini
Abstract
Myths have such a special place in people’s thoughts and beliefs that by which one can promote a way of thought among people and sometimes dispatch a way of thought into oblivion. In line with this, Japanese writers and artists have successfully included such a goal in their dramatic and visual ...
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Myths have such a special place in people’s thoughts and beliefs that by which one can promote a way of thought among people and sometimes dispatch a way of thought into oblivion. In line with this, Japanese writers and artists have successfully included such a goal in their dramatic and visual works – among them animations – and tried their best to present it in new formats to their viewers. Manga, as a traditional designing style in Japan, which depicts various social questions in a fractionated manner in a single frame, has been used in Anime, the Japanese animation. The style in question has managed to build on Japan’s culture and myths to influence its audience at home and abroad. Naruto is one outstanding example of such works. The current research aims to identify the myths in the Japanese culture and analyzes them in Anime Naruto series. The researcher has applied a qualitative method with a descriptive approach based on reviewing library references, as well as archived audio and visual works. The research focuses on a review of Anime Naruto and the impact of cinema and Japanese myths on it. The results of the research show that cinema has left an impact on the Anime thanks to its realistic attitude. This advantage has in turn made Anime Naruto a believable animation series for different audiences
Research Paper
farzaneh ghoshtasb
Abstract
The era of Akbar shah (Akbar the great), the third Indian ruler of Timurid, is known as one of the most important and prominent governments in Indian history, due to Akbar’s particular political and religious views. Universal peace and reconciliation, religious tolerance, mystical beliefs, astrolatry, ...
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The era of Akbar shah (Akbar the great), the third Indian ruler of Timurid, is known as one of the most important and prominent governments in Indian history, due to Akbar’s particular political and religious views. Universal peace and reconciliation, religious tolerance, mystical beliefs, astrolatry, loving Iran and Persian language, holding ancient Iranian celebrations, Hezareh-telling, and reincarnation are the most important beliefs, desires, and virtues of Akbar-Shah. In this paper, after a brief overview of Akbar-Shah's ideas that illustrates his efforts to put the views and beliefs of various religions and religions together, we attempt to scrutinize the relation between Akabar’s universal peace and the idea of the unity of the Azarkayvan religions
Research Paper
mahtab mobini; mehri feyzi
Abstract
In this study, we intend to make a comparative study of women's clothing in the reign of Safavid in Iran and the Ottoman Empire. Because of the long period of this government and to have a closer look at this issue, we limit ourselves to the reign of Shah Isma'il I to Shah Abbas II, which is coincided ...
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In this study, we intend to make a comparative study of women's clothing in the reign of Safavid in Iran and the Ottoman Empire. Because of the long period of this government and to have a closer look at this issue, we limit ourselves to the reign of Shah Isma'il I to Shah Abbas II, which is coincided with the reign of Bayazid II to Sultan Muhammad IV in the Ottoman Empire. In some photos and paintings from the Safavid era and the era of Ottoman Empire some similarities were observed in the patterns and components of women's clothing, so this question raised that from which land these similarities land have been originated? In this research, through a descriptive-comparative method and based on library sources the similarities and differences of women’s clothing of Safavids and Ottomans are studied. The results show that the most of Ottoman women's clothing components are very similar to Iranian women's clothing in the Safavid era.
Research Paper
Abstract
Although the history of writing and the application of writing in the present geographic boundaries of Iran comes back to almost five thousand years ago, our culture has more oral aspects and is relied on the customs of variety of live rituals, and transfers unwritten ancient heritage. The fact ...
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Although the history of writing and the application of writing in the present geographic boundaries of Iran comes back to almost five thousand years ago, our culture has more oral aspects and is relied on the customs of variety of live rituals, and transfers unwritten ancient heritage. The fact is that ancient Persian inscriptions date back almost to two thousand and five hundred years ago, and the writings of Elamite are several millennia older than that. Despite such ancientness in our writing tradition, we have to appeal to Sumerian and Akkadian writings in western Iran, in order to understand the ritual tradition, such as Nowruz
Research Paper
elham malekzadeh
Abstract
The geography of Caucasus is the name of an exclusive manuscript that Martiros Daudkhanov, the Russian language teacher of Dar-ol-fonun and the translator of Governmental publications, finished its translation from Russian to Persian in Jumada Al-Awwal 1287 AH. This manuscript includes not only a detailed ...
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The geography of Caucasus is the name of an exclusive manuscript that Martiros Daudkhanov, the Russian language teacher of Dar-ol-fonun and the translator of Governmental publications, finished its translation from Russian to Persian in Jumada Al-Awwal 1287 AH. This manuscript includes not only a detailed yearbook of Caucasus, but also a description of social conditions of Tbilisi, the causes of Ague in that region and also a description of natural geography of Tbilisi and some other cities and villages in Caucasus in the second half of the nineteenth century. The contents of this manuscript consists of three chapters and a prologue containing intriguing and different subjects written about the natural and human geography, population, religious conditions, the ministry of education, road conditions and etc of Caucasus. Thus it is an important source of understanding the history and geography of Caucasus.
Research Paper
Hossein MIRZAEI
