Research Paper
alireza esmaili; ali bigdeli; mehrnaz behroozi
Abstract
Erecting monuments for political and cultural figures has long been a tradition in our architecture. To set up these monuments, according to the personality of the people, various symbols and signs have been used. In the contemporary history, the National Monuments Association, by building dozens of ...
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Erecting monuments for political and cultural figures has long been a tradition in our architecture. To set up these monuments, according to the personality of the people, various symbols and signs have been used. In the contemporary history, the National Monuments Association, by building dozens of tombs and statues for political and cultural figures, has been one of the leading institutions in this field. In this respect, in 1955, the Society for the National Heritage has directed Houshang Seyhoun and Abolhassan Sedighi, two well-known artists in the field of architecture and sculpture to construct tomb and statue of Nader Shah. The opening and operation of this complex lasted until 1963.Due to special position of Nader Shah in the history of Iran and his acceptability among the masses, this action of the Association has got particular importance among the activities of the next term. In this article, in addition to analyzing the artistic aspects of the monuments, by descriptive and analytical method and using new documents and researches, it is tried to answer the question that what political and ideological goals have been pursued by the Association and the government. The findings of this study show that the Association's engagement in this action at a particular phase in Iran's history, and the king's direct and persistent support for it, has reasons far from the merely construction of a monument for a historical figure such as Nader.
Research Paper
Ali Pezhhan; Anita Kamaliha
Abstract
The influence of religion on demographic behaviors has been extensively studied mainly for Abrahamic religions. Although Buddhism is the world´s fourth largest religion and is dominant in several Asian nations experiencing very low fertility, the impact of Buddhism on childbearing has received ...
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The influence of religion on demographic behaviors has been extensively studied mainly for Abrahamic religions. Although Buddhism is the world´s fourth largest religion and is dominant in several Asian nations experiencing very low fertility, the impact of Buddhism on childbearing has received comparatively little researchattention. This paper draws upon a variety of data sources in different countries in Asia in order totest our hypothesis that Buddhism is related to low fertility.Religious differentials in terms of period fertility in three nations (India, Cambodia and Nepal) and cohort fertility in three case studies (Mongolia, Thailand and Japan) are analyzed. The analyses are divided into two parts: descriptive and multivariate analyses.Our results suggest that Buddhist affiliation tends to be negatively or not associated with childbearing outcomes, controlling for education, region of residence, age and marital status. Although the results vary between the highly diverse contextual and institutional settings investigated, we find evidence that Buddhist affiliation or devotion is not related to elevated fertility across these very different cultural settings.
Research Paper
Khadije Hajyan
Abstract
Iran Iran qwfdgsu gfjdnv jnvid nvjkpp [fnd nviol nvpewm lcxvbdd ,;l; nvtc [dn tuv iwef kl; vcn , sdj nvghfd vhfui nvufhs afsgf u gfjdnv jnvid nvjkpp [fnd nviol nvpewm lcxvbdd ,;l; nvtc [dn tuv iwef kl; vcn , sdj nvghfd vhfui nvufhs afsg u gfjdnv jnvid nvjkpp [fnd nviol nvpewm lcxvbdd ,;l; nvtc [dn tuv ...
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Iran Iran qwfdgsu gfjdnv jnvid nvjkpp [fnd nviol nvpewm lcxvbdd ,;l; nvtc [dn tuv iwef kl; vcn , sdj nvghfd vhfui nvufhs afsgf u gfjdnv jnvid nvjkpp [fnd nviol nvpewm lcxvbdd ,;l; nvtc [dn tuv iwef kl; vcn , sdj nvghfd vhfui nvufhs afsg u gfjdnv jnvid nvjkpp [fnd nviol nvpewm lcxvbdd ,;l; nvtc [dn tuv iwef kl; vcn , sdj nvghfd vhfui nvufhs afsg u gfjdnv jnvid nvjkpp [fnd nviol nvpewm lcxvbdd ,;l; nvtc [dn tuv iwef kl; vcn , sdj nvghfd vhfui nvufhs afsg u gfjdnv jnvid nvjkpp [fnd nviol nvpewm lcxvbdd ,;l; nvtc [dn tuv iwef kl; vcn , sdj nvghfd vhfui nvufhs afsg u gfjdnv jnvid nvjkpp [fnd nviol nvpewm lcxvbdd ,;l; nvtc [dn tuv iwef kl; vcn , sdj nvghfd vhfui nvufhs afsg u gfjdnv jnvid nvjkpp [fnd nviol nvpewm lcxvbdd ,;l; nvtc [dn tuv iwef kl; vcn , sdj nvghfd vhfui nvufhs afsg u gfjdnv jnvid nvjkpp [fnd nviol nvpewm lcxvbdd ,;l; nvtc [dn tuv iwef kl; vcn , sdj nvghfd vhfui nvufhs afsg
Research Paper
Morteza Hessari
Abstract
The Urbanism architecture expresses in a public (ritual or control) and enduring manner the ability of an authority to control the materials, specialized power was symbolized and reinforced by the large scale on which processional ways, palaces, temple and houses were constructed.The seals and seal impression ...
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The Urbanism architecture expresses in a public (ritual or control) and enduring manner the ability of an authority to control the materials, specialized power was symbolized and reinforced by the large scale on which processional ways, palaces, temple and houses were constructed.The seals and seal impression motifs are one of the resources understanding architecture this period, that in this research has been used. The research methodology is descriptive - analytical, and data this research is library. The main purposes of this research: identify the use some of the architectural structures of this period as: temples, alcazar, repository, sheepcote; understanding the differences between parts of ritual and court; understanding the reason obtained seal motifs related to repository architecture in Khuzestan.The Urbanism period was a development specific; it reached the distant frontiers of the country in what must have been a network of communication and exchange probably emanating from Susa, the basic way they symbolize power, control of which is the fundamental measure of power. A striking example of such uniformity is urbanism architecture, which is associated with all urbanism societies in ancient near East. Urbanism architecture embraces houses, public building, Temple alcazar, repository, sheepcote; yet for all of the skills, that were invested and explain in their construction, the functional range of so “monumental architecture” found in the early civilizations was very limited. The emphasis on different types of monumental buildings also varied one early civilization to another and from region to region in a particular ancient Iranian civilization.
Research Paper
Seyed Reza Hoseini; Fatemeh Heidari
Abstract
The increase of some ritual and mythical concepts about trees has tied them to specific meanings and beliefs. One of these trees is the talking tree, which has a long history and has a wide presence in the art of different ethnic groups in the world, especially in Eastern cultures such as India. The ...
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The increase of some ritual and mythical concepts about trees has tied them to specific meanings and beliefs. One of these trees is the talking tree, which has a long history and has a wide presence in the art of different ethnic groups in the world, especially in Eastern cultures such as India. The aim of this study was to analyze the visual characteristics and visual qualities of the talking tree motif in Persian and Arabic versions of Qazwini's Wonders of Creation (Ajā'ib al-makhlūqāt wa gharā'ib al-mawjūdāt) depicted in India and to analyze their similarities and differences. Accordingly, the research questions are: 1- What are the visual qualities used in the talking tree motif in the Persian and Arabic versions of Qazwini's Wonders of Creation depicted in India? 2- What are the aspects of similarities and differences in the talking tree motif in Persian and Arabic versions of Qazwini's Wonders of Creation depicted in India? The research method is descriptive-analytic and the data are collected using library resources. The statistical population of this research includes 11 images of six versions of Persian and Arabic Qazwini's Wonders of Creation.
Research Paper
Sayed Mahdi Khatami; Azadeh Jalali
Abstract
Baghdad was built as the new city and capital of the Abbasids by Mansour. Baghdad has played a role as the political, economic, cultural and scientific capital, and it was one of the most important cities derived from the ideals of the king powers as urban planning patterns. Therefore, the study of Baghdad ...
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Baghdad was built as the new city and capital of the Abbasids by Mansour. Baghdad has played a role as the political, economic, cultural and scientific capital, and it was one of the most important cities derived from the ideals of the king powers as urban planning patterns. Therefore, the study of Baghdad planning and analysis of urban structure is important. Written research about history of Baghdad has been done, but the innovation of this article is analyzing the structure of Baghdad in physical, political, economic and social dimensions. So, using the descriptive-historical research method, the structure of Baghdad was analyzed. The results show that circular Baghdad design is influenced by the worldview governing the macro structure and functional details, and it is interpretation of the concept of city-power (centrality of the world empire), city-state (capital of government), city-market (expansion of trade routes) and city-people (cultural movements and social groups).
Research Paper
Hamidreza Dalvand
Abstract
The Yazdgerdi calendar is one of the ancient monuments of the Iranian intangible heritage that has maintained its function both in the economic and scientific area of the Islamic world and in the religious domain of the Zoroastrian world. and every times, based ...
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The Yazdgerdi calendar is one of the ancient monuments of the Iranian intangible heritage that has maintained its function both in the economic and scientific area of the Islamic world and in the religious domain of the Zoroastrian world. and every times, based on the needs of users, it has changed. Each reform had its own consequences and had a special impact on the user community. For example, Moʽtazedi's reforms took the economic function of the Yazdgerdi calendar. And according to the place of the five days of andargāh in end of Aban or Espand, the reforms of the year 375 divided Zoroastrian society into two parts, the eastern and western parts. Or, the emergence of the Jalali calendar and Malekshah's reforms in the fifth century AH removed Iranian calendar from Zoroastrian society. One possible reform is the leap of year 500 in the Yazdgerdi calendar and within the legacy of Zoroastrianism. What we read in this essay is about that event and its aftermath have affected the Zoroastrian world to the present day. In the 18th and 19th centuries, this reform divided the Zoroastrian community of India into two parts.
Research Paper
Somayeh Rasooli ebrahimi fard; xashayar ghazizadeh
Abstract
This paper analyzes the role of stamping of Qajar period milk and sun; the study of motifs in different periods has long been considered by researchers and researchers in artistic research. Drawings of ancient and historical works are considered as visual documents, whose study can be considered in the ...
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This paper analyzes the role of stamping of Qajar period milk and sun; the study of motifs in different periods has long been considered by researchers and researchers in artistic research. Drawings of ancient and historical works are considered as visual documents, whose study can be considered in the presentation of information about the time of occurrence of the work. Therefore, motifs and images of the stamps can also be in the form of a work, reflecting the cultural, artistic, social, and ... attributes of its origins. The research problem was focused on the relationship between these designs during the Qajar era by analyzing iconography. Accordingly, the researcher claims that the emergence of stamps from the beginning was due to the presence of governing systems largely imprinted on the images of rulers, national motifs, and sometimes include important figures and individuals of their era; in this regard, to explain the concepts behind the role and Stamp design in order to achieve the fundamental cultural and social values and concepts of the current period. The present study focuses on the iconographic method in three stages of description, analysis and interpretation to the semantic understanding of the symbolic role of the relevant stamps in the Qajar period. The results show that the sun and milk designs are rooted in the myths and beliefs of the ancient Iranian people, which, due to its importance and value, have evolved throughout history, and as a national symbol on the plain, coins, badges, stamps and ... Picture Has been.
Research Paper
maryam sharifnasab; rana jahandideh
Abstract
Folk tales have always been explored in many ways. One of the viewpoints that can be explored in folk tales is the attention to cultural similarities and differences between folk tales in the two countries. Because folk tales show an unadorned picture of people's lives, these studies can reveal a profound ...
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Folk tales have always been explored in many ways. One of the viewpoints that can be explored in folk tales is the attention to cultural similarities and differences between folk tales in the two countries. Because folk tales show an unadorned picture of people's lives, these studies can reveal a profound understanding of the cultures of different ethnicities.The structure and content of each story have its cultural components. In this research, the structure and content of folk tales of Iran and India have been studied using conventional qualitative content analysis method.This study is based on twenty stories (ten stories from each country) in elements such as plot, active characters, structure, subject, and theme. The result shows that despite many similarities, there are fundamental differences in the structure, characters and content of the two countries' tales that represent the different cultural origins of the two nations.Keywords: Folk Stories, Structure, Content, Conventional Content Analysis, Indian Tales, Iranian Tales
Research Paper
Maryam Sadat Fayyazi
Abstract
Believing the crucial role of music in declining the level of stress on the one hand, and regarding it as both a cheap and adequate tool for instruction on the other hand have been led to creation of musical art during the pandemy of Coronavirus-covid 19. While such works have some artistic and aesthetic ...
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Believing the crucial role of music in declining the level of stress on the one hand, and regarding it as both a cheap and adequate tool for instruction on the other hand have been led to creation of musical art during the pandemy of Coronavirus-covid 19. While such works have some artistic and aesthetic appeals in common, regardless of style and instrument, the content and theme their lyricists intend to introduce make them distinguish. These themes are various and include social concerns, political stances and educational and ethical issues. This paper is a contrastive analysis of two pieces of Iranian and Afghan lyrics to determine the linguistic features of art works in the different mental attitudes. The study has been conducted based on theoretical concepts of cognitive linguistics especially conceptual metaphor. The data of this qualitative research including the lyrics of Reza Sadeghi, an Iranian singer, and Farhad Darya, an Afghan on, has been examined by analytical method. The findings of present study suggest that, through the process of formulation of a specific metaphor for conceptualizing one single reality, the highlighting of various elements in the source domain leads to the promotion of opposing ideologies which in turn may form a complete antinomy.
Research Paper
توران محمدی; Masoud Bavanpouri
Abstract
comparative literature is one of the most practical tendencies in modernliterature to study and study the similarities and differences of literaryworks of different cultures . khayyam 's thoughts are among the issuesthat have influenced the ...
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comparative literature is one of the most practical tendencies in modernliterature to study and study the similarities and differences of literaryworks of different cultures . khayyam 's thoughts are among the issuesthat have influenced the mind and type of many writers and literary men. one of those who have reflected in his works is william shakespeare .the present article aims at studying the similarities between khayyamand shakespeare using descriptive - analytical method and relying onthe american school of comparative literature to explore the similaritiesbetween khayyam and shakespeare . the results of the study indicatethat the amazement and bewilderment and pessimism of shakespeare , like khayyam , are born in convulsions and insecurity of the socialsituation which has undergone changes in religious view . they see bothhumans in the universe of ghosts and images that come without a goalwithout a destination . another common thought is the invalidity of the world and the lack of trust in it . khayyam has repeatedly mentionedwhat credit the world has . shakespeare also has a similar thought withkhayyam ; the invalidity of the world can be clearly seen in his plays ,especially hamlet and macbeth . the hadith of death and the impotenceof mankind against that view of khayyam to life is a bad idea . the battlewith the fate in shakespeare , especially in hamlet , is identical to the thought of khayyam .
Research Paper
Elaheh Sadat Mirbabaeian Roudsari; Hossein Shojaei Ghadikalaie
Abstract
The surviving works of the Fatimids and Buyids show that the Fatimids had some negligence about using Shiite themes in their art works, while Buyids used many of these themes and a variety of them in their works. Present study has been performed in historical and descriptive-analytical method and aimed ...
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The surviving works of the Fatimids and Buyids show that the Fatimids had some negligence about using Shiite themes in their art works, while Buyids used many of these themes and a variety of them in their works. Present study has been performed in historical and descriptive-analytical method and aimed at recognizing the reasons for the difference in the type of reflection of Shiite themes in the art of the Fatimids of Egypt and Buyids, and answers the question that what is the difference between the use of Shiite themes in the works of art of the Fatimids and the Buyids? The results show that different attitudes of Fatimids and Buyids towards art have led to differences in their use of Shiite themes; the Fatimids viewed works of art as a commodity for trade and gaining income, while Buyids had a propagandistic view toward it and saw works of art as a means of propagating ideas as well as gaining religious legitimacy.
